Abstract Background The knee joint performs mechanical functions with various loading and unloading processes.Past studies have focused on the kinematics and elastic response of the joint with less understanding of the rate-dependent load response associated with viscoelastic and poromechanical behaviors.Methods Forty-five fresh porcine knee joints
Synaptophysin 1 Clears Synaptobrevin 2 from the Presynaptic Active Zone to Prevent Short-Term Depression
Release site clearance is an important process during synaptic vesicle (SV) recycling.However, little is known about its molecular mechanism.Here we identify self-assembly of exocytosed Synaptobrevin 2 (Syb2) and Synaptophysin 1 (Syp1) by homo- and hetero-oligomerization into clusters as key mechanisms mediating release site clearance for preventin
Role of the mechanisms for antibody repertoire diversification in monoclonal light chain deposition disorders: when a friend becomes foe
The adaptive immune system of jawed vertebrates generates a highly diverse repertoire of antibodies to meet the antigenic challenges of a constantly evolving biological ecosystem.Most of the diversity is generated by two mechanisms: V(D)J gene recombination and somatic hypermutation (SHM).SHM introduces changes in the variable domain of antibodies,